·非遗百问·

84.畲族银器制作技艺的历史渊源及制作工艺特点是什么？

答：银器很早就进入畲族生活，畲族的“三月三”、赶墟赶场、祭祀盛典、婚丧嫁娶等活动，都与银器密不可分。银器也是畲族展示家庭、家族财富的象征之一。畲族银器是中国传统银雕工艺与畲族文化相结合的典型表现，是畲族人民智慧的结晶，充分反映了畲族文化的变迁和中华文明的生命力，体现畲族银匠的高超水平，因而具有较高的历史、文化和艺术价值。 

畲族历代对传统银器制作都极为重视，不断推进银器制作的发展。畲族银器工艺经过长期的发展，逐渐形成“操、凿、起、解、披”五大工艺手段，共有 30多道手工工序。在畲族银器制作技艺中， 福建福安叶氏“珍华堂”银雕技艺尤为突出，传承已近 200年。畲族银器制作工序包括熔银、打坯、雕刻、防腐等，工艺严谨考究，产品新颖、精致、生动。

截至目前，畲族银器制作技艺的国家级传承人有：林仕元、林陵祥。 

Q84.What are the history and the technical features of the She ethnic group’s silver ware craft?

Answer: Silver ware has long been a part of the She people’s life, and can be seen in all sorts of She celebrations and ceremonies. Silver artifacts are also seen as proofs of the She families’ wealth. A perfect combination of traditional Chinese silver carving skills and the She culture, the silver wares reflect the wisdom of this group, the changes of its culture and the excellent craftsmanship of its silversmiths, therefore has high cultural, historical and artistic values.

Each She generation builds on previous heritages to further develop silver ware craft, gradually they accumulated 5 major types of techniques, being molding, rough chiseling, stripping mold, chiseling and carving, and refining. Over 30 steps are covered. Fu’an Zhenhuatang, run by the Ye family and has been in the trade for nearly 200 years, has the best She silverware craft. Fu’an silver ware craft dates back to the Ming dynasty, and is one of the best in Fujian. The processes are strict, and the artifacts are novel in design, delicate and vivid.

The current national level inheritors of She silver wares are Lin Shiyuan and Lin Lingxiang.

畲族银饰锻制技艺（宁德市）

（图片来源于福建省艺术馆——省非遗中心官网）